How to clean solar panels

Solar panels have become an increasingly common solution for generating electricity in both homes and businesses, and thanks to them, we can obtain clean, sustainable electricity while minimising energy costs. In order to improve their efficiency and ensure their longevity, it is essential to keep solar panels in optimal condition, so regular cleaning and maintenance will be key factors in preventing damage and optimising the performance of the panels. At EcologíaVerde we explain how to clean solar panels to get the most out of them and ensure that your panels operate at maximum efficiency.

Importance of maintenance and cleaning of solar panels

If you have or want to have a solar energy kit , you will need to keep in mind that maintenance and cleaning of solar panels are two fundamental aspects to ensure their efficiency and prolong their useful life . The accumulation of dust, dirt, animal droppings, leaves or other debris can significantly reduce the light reception of photovoltaic panels, substantially decreasing their ability to produce energy. In fact, it is estimated that a dirty panel could lose between 15% and 30% of its performance , so the conservation of the panels is a key aspect to ensure their performance. Thus, regular maintenance and cleaning of the panels will not only help improve their efficiency, but will also allow you to prevent technical problems or an extra cost in the future since you will avoid some repairs.

Having an annual maintenance service will help you keep your panels in perfect condition, in order to optimize their performance and contribute to the long-term sustainability of the system. In this way, you will benefit from greater energy efficiency, which has a significant impact on the cost of electricity.

Products for cleaning solar panels

Since cleaning the panels is essential to maintain their efficiency and performance, using the right products will be essential to avoid damaging the panels or their coatings. In this sense, the most recommended products to properly clean solar panels are:

• Glass cleaner: This is the main product if you want to achieve a good result without damaging the surface. If you do not have this available, you can use one of the following.
• Neutral soap: perfect for removing grease or dirt, without damaging the surface.
• Distilled water: prevents limescale stains or other deposits that tap water can leave.
• Microfibre cloth or soft sponge: These are the best options for removing dirt and used liquid product, as well as drying the surface without scratching the panels. If a brush is used, it should have very soft bristles and do not apply too much pressure when using it.
• Window squeegee: You can also use a rubber squeegee, which is specifically designed to clean windows and avoid scratching them.
• Water sprayers with soft nozzles: for rinsing without applying excessive pressure.

Safety measures for cleaning solar panels

Solar panels are usually installed on high roofs, so cleaning them properly often involves certain risks that must be taken into account. It is important to follow certain safety measures:

• Disconnect the system: Before starting cleaning, you must disconnect the photovoltaic system to avoid electrical risks.
• Use personal protective equipment: helmet, gloves or non-slip footwear are essential for this task.
• Use the right tools: stable ladders, safety harnesses if necessary, or cleaning tools with long handles to avoid climbing onto the roof can be very helpful.
• Avoid cleaning the plates in adverse weather conditions, especially on days of snow, rain or strong wind, as the risk of an accident is greater.
• Avoid cleaning during the hours of greatest solar radiation : not only because of the heat, but also to prevent the panels from being damaged by a sudden change in temperature.

Steps to clean solar panels

Now that you know the importance and safety measures you should take, it’s time to know what steps to follow to clean solar panels:

1. Disconnect the solar system .
2. Check the panels to see where dirt has accumulated or if the panels have suffered any damage.
3. Begin the cleaning process with an initial rinse using distilled water and a gentle spray to wet the panels so that the dirt becomes soft.
4. Spray glass cleaner or apply a mild soap and water solution.6
5. Gently rub the plates with a cloth, sponge or very soft brush.
6. Rinse the plates with distilled water to remove any soap or product residue.
7. Dry with a microfiber cloth or allow the solar panels to air dry.

To ensure that both safety measures and the cleaning process are followed, you can turn to a professional solar panel cleaner , especially if the panels are located in hard-to-reach areas.

How often should solar panels be cleaned and what is the best time?

As we have already mentioned, cleaning solar panels is essential to ensure their optimal performance. But how often should they be cleaned? Generally, it is recommended to clean solar panels at least twice a year . However, the frequency may increase if the panels are located in areas with a lot of dirt and dust or are very exposed to bird droppings.

As for the recommended time to perform maintenance on the panels, it is recommended to do so during the early morning hours or at the end of the afternoon , as these are the times when the panels are colder and you can avoid a sudden change in temperature. Try to avoid the hours of greatest sun exposure to prevent burns and damage to the panels.